Important Note: This church is also shown to need to repent, and there is a promise of the tree of life.

2Unto the messenger of the church of Ephesus write [r.0]; These things says he who holds the seven stars [r.1] in his right hand [r.2], who walks in the midst of the seven golden lampstands [r.3];
[r.1]
[r.2]

Re 1:16, Re 1:17, Re 1:20, Re 2:1, Re 5:1, Re 5:7, Re 13:16Right-hand references.

[r.3]
2 I know thy works [r.4] [r.5], and thy labor [r.6], and thy patience, and how you can not bear [r.7] those who are evil: and you have tested those who say they are apostles, and are not, and have found them liars [r.8]:
[r.5]

Re 9:20, Re 14:13, Re 18:6, Re 20:12-13, Re 22:12The "works" mentions in 9:20, 14:13, 18:6, 20:12-13, and 22:12 seem related to those of the seven churches in 2:2, 2:9, 2:13, 2:19, 3:1, 3:8, and 3:15.

[r.7]

Re 2:2, Re 2:3, Re 17:7

[r.8]

Re 2:2, Re 14:5, Re 21:8, Re 21:27, Re 22:15The Greek in 14:5, 21:27, 22:15 for "lie" or "guile" is ψεῦδος, which denotes the lie itself—the false statement or deception. It is related to ψευδής which describes that which is characterized by falsehood [2:2, 21:8].

3 And have patience, and have beared [r.9], and for my name’s sake have labored [r.10], and have not become weary.
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "…and for my name's sake hast laboured, and hast not fainted"; the critical text reads καὶ ὑπομονὴν ἔχεις καὶ ἐβάστασας διὰ τὸ ὄνομά μου καὶ οὐ κεκοπίακες — "and you have endurance, and bore for my name's sake, and have not grown weary" — without the separate "laboured" clause.

[r.9]

Re 2:2, Re 2:3, Re 17:7

4 Nevertheless, I have this somewhat against you, because the love that you had at first, you left [r.11].
[ms]

"Somewhat" is supplied in translation; the Greek reads ἔχω κατὰ σοῦ — "I have against you."

[r.11]
5 Remember therefore from where you have fallen, and repent [r.12], and do the first works; or else I will come unto you quickly [r.13], and will remove thy lampstand out of his place, except you repent.
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "I will come unto thee quickly"; the critical text reads ἔρχομαί σοι — without "quickly" here, though it stands at 2:16 (ταχύ).

[r.12]
[r.13]

Re 2:5, Re 2:16

6 But this you have, that you hate the works of the Nicolaitans [r.14], which I also hate.
[r.14]

Re 2:6, Re 2:15Ephesus hates evil teachers

7 He who has an ear, let him hear [r.15] what the Spirit says [r.16] unto the churches; To him who overcomes [r.17] will I give to eat of the treeˣ of life [r.18], which is in the midst of the paradise of God.
[ms]

The KJV/TR places the tree "in the midst of the paradise of God"; the critical text reads ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ τοῦ θεοῦ — "in the paradise of God."

[lex]

The Greek here is ξύλον — wood — the word the Greek Old Testament uses for the tree of life in Genesis 2:9 and the New Testament uses for the cross (Acts 5:30; Galatians 3:13; 1 Peter 2:24). The natural trees of the plagues are a different word, δένδρον (7:1, 7:3, 8:7, 9:4).

[r.18]

Re 2:7, Re 22:1, Re 22:14

Important Note: Smyrna mirrors Philadelphia, yet Philadelphia is promised to escape "the hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world." This is not the ordinary expected temptation of the church; this is the one that comes on the whole world. Yet here, Smyrna is told to be faithful unto death.

8 And unto the messenger of the church in Smyrna write [r.19]; These things says the first and the last [r.20], who was dead, and is alive [r.21] [r.22];
[r.22]

Re 2:8, Re 13:14ἔζησεν — is alive or did live

9 I know thy works [r.23] [r.24], and tribulation, and poverty, (but you are rich) [r.25] and I know the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan [r.26].
[ms]

The KJV/TR opens "I know thy works, and…"; the critical text reads οἶδά σου τὴν θλῖψιν — "I know your tribulation" — without the works clause.

[r.24]

Re 9:20, Re 14:13, Re 18:6, Re 20:12-13, Re 22:12The "works" mentions in 9:20, 14:13, 18:6, 20:12-13, and 22:12 seem related to those of the seven churches in 2:2, 2:9, 2:13, 2:19, 3:1, 3:8, and 3:15.

[r.25]
[r.26]

Re 2:9, Re 3:9

10 Fear not [r.27] those things which you will suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that you all may be tested; and you all shall have tribulation ten days. Be faithful unto death [r.28], and I will give you a crown of life. [r.29] [r.30]
[fn]

Two details here anchor larger patterns. First, testing and tribulation are welded in one clause — "that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days" — and the only other use of the testing word in Revelation is "the hour of temptation" in 3:10. The book itself pairs the two ideas. Second, this testing is counted — ten days — a local, bounded tribulation for one church, while Philadelphia, Smyrna's mirror, is kept out of a designated world-wide hour (3:10). The two crown churches carry the two modes: a counted tribulation endured unto death with a crown of life promised (2:10), and a designated hour escaped with a crown held fast (3:11). Ten counted days here, a great one at the span's opening (7:14), and a greatest at the middle (Matthew 24:21) — tribulation comes in types and degrees.

[r.27]

Re 1:17, Re 2:10

[r.28]

Re 2:10, Re 2:13, Re 2:25, Re 3:3, Re 3:11Encouraging

[r.29]
[r.30]

Re 2:10, Re 3:11

[art]
11 He who has an ear, let him hear [r.31] what the Spirit says [r.32] unto the churches; He who overcomes [r.33] shall not be hurt [r.34] of the second death.
[r.34]

Re 2:11, Re 6:6, Re 7:3, Re 9:4Mentions of “not harming” or “not hurting” appear in Revelation 2:11, 6:6, 7:3, and 9:4. These references should not be treated as the same event or action simply because similar language is used. Revelation 7:3 and 9:4 may seem closely related because both involve the sealed servants of God, but they differ in the actors and purposes. In Revelation 7:3, the four angels are told not to harm the earth, sea, or trees “until” the servants of God are sealed. In Revelation 9:4, however, the locusts are commanded not to harm the grass, any green thing, or any tree "at all," but only the people who do not have the seal of God on their foreheads.

Important Note: Jesus will come to this church with the sword of his mouth. A mirror of Thyatira, false teachers, idols, and fornication.

12 And to the messenger of the church in Pergamum write [r.35]; These things says he who has the sharp sword with two edges [r.36];
[r.36]
13 I know thy works [r.37] [r.38], and where you dwell, even where Satan’s throne is: and you hold fast my name, and have not denied my faith [r.39] [r.40], even those days in which Antipas was my faithful witness, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells [r.41].
[ms]

The KJV/TR opens "I know thy works, and…"; the critical text reads οἶδα ποῦ κατοικεῖς — "I know where you dwell."

[r.38]

Re 9:20, Re 14:13, Re 18:6, Re 20:12-13, Re 22:12The "works" mentions in 9:20, 14:13, 18:6, 20:12-13, and 22:12 seem related to those of the seven churches in 2:2, 2:9, 2:13, 2:19, 3:1, 3:8, and 3:15.

[r.39]

Re 2:13, Re 3:8, 1 John 5:4-5Faith in Jesus and his name are deeply linked. This is the one who has faith in the name of the Son of God and believes in his name.

[r.40]

Re 2:10, Re 2:13, Re 2:25, Re 3:3, Re 3:11Encouraging

14 But I have a little against you, because you have some there who hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balac to cast a stumbling block before the sons of Israel, to eat things sacrificed unto idols [r.42], and to commit fornication [r.43].
[r.42]

Re 2:14, Re 2:20

[r.43]

Re 2:14, Re 2:20

15 So also you have some who hold the doctrine of the Nicolaitans, likewise [r.44].
[r.44]

Re 2:6, Re 2:15Pergamum has some evil teachers.

16 Repent therefore [r.45]; or else I will come unto you quickly [r.46] and will war with them with the sword of my mouth [r.47].
[r.45]
[r.46]

Re 2:5, Re 2:16

[r.47]
17 He who has an ear, let him hear [r.48] what the Spirit says [r.49] unto the churches; To him who overcomes [r.50] will I give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a new name written [r.51], which none knows saving he who receives it.
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "to eat of the hidden manna"; the critical text reads δώσω αὐτῷ τοῦ μάννα — "I will give to him of the manna" — without the eating verb.

[r.51]

Re 2:17, Re 3:12, Re 19:12The Greek points to a white stone with a new name written on it; by itself, it does not indicate whether the name is the person's own or another's.

Important Note: A mirror of Pergamum, false teachers, idols, and fornication.

18 And unto the messenger of the church in Thyatira write [r.52]; These things says the Son of God, who has his eyes like unto a flame of fire [r.53], and whose feet are like fine brass [r.54];
[r.53]

Re 1:14, Re 2:18, Re 19:12

[r.54]

Re 1:15, Re 2:18, Re 10:1

19 I know thy works [r.55] [r.56], and love, and faith, and service, and thy patience, and thy last works [r.57] are more than the first.
[fn]

If 7 is the number of completion, Jesus' listing of only 6 qualities here helps emphasize that something is lacking.

[r.56]

Re 9:20, Re 14:13, Re 18:6, Re 20:12-13, Re 22:12The "works" mentions in 9:20, 14:13, 18:6, 20:12-13, and 22:12 seem related to those of the seven churches in 2:2, 2:9, 2:13, 2:19, 3:1, 3:8, and 3:15.

20 Notwithstanding, I have this a few things against you, that you suffer that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, and she teaches and deceives my servants to commit fornication [r.58], and to eat things sacrificed unto idols [r.59].
[ms]

The KJV/TR includes ὀλίγα — "a few things" (KJV "I have a few things against thee"); the critical text reads ἔχω κατὰ σοῦ ὅτι — "I have against you that…" — without it.

[r.58]

Re 2:14, Re 2:20

[r.59]

Re 2:14, Re 2:20

21 And I gave her a season to repent, but she would not repent of her fornication.
22 Behold, I will cast her into a bed, and those who commit adultery with her into great tribulation, except they repent of their works [r.60].
[r.60]
[art]
23 And I will kill her children with death; and all the churches shall know that I am he who searches the innermost parts and hearts: and I will give unto every one of you according to your works.
[lex]

Both νεφρούς (kidneys) and καρδίας (hearts) are plural in Greek, reflecting an idiom for the totality of the inner life (“inner parts and hearts”), which English translations often render in the singular for smoothness.

24 But unto the rest of you in Thyatira, as many as have not this doctrine, and who have not known the depths of Satan, to you I say, I will cast upon you no other burden.
25 But that which you all have hold fast [r.61] till I come.
[r.61]

Re 2:10, Re 2:13, Re 2:25, Re 3:3, Re 3:11Encouraging

26 And he who overcomes [r.62], and keeps my works unto the end, to him will I give power over the nations:
27 And he shall ruleˢ them with a rod of iron [r.63]; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father.
[r.63]

Re 2:27, Re 12:5, Re 19:15This links the saints to the later armies that follow Jesus when he appears on a white horse.

28 And I will give him the morning star [r.64].
[r.64]

Re 2:28, Re 22:16

29 He who has an ear, let him hear [r.65] what the Spirit says [r.66] unto the churches.