Important Note: After Revelation 3:21, we do not see the throne specifically defined as shared with the Lamb until here at the end. The shared throne is most emphasized at this point.

22And he showed me a pure river of water of life [r.0], bright as crystal, proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb [r.1].
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "a pure river"; the critical text reads ποταμὸν ὕδατος ζωῆς λαμπρὸν ὡς κρύσταλλον — "a river of water of life, bright as crystal" — without "pure."

[r.0]
[r.1]

Re 3:21, Re 6:16, Re 20:11, Re 22:1, Re 22:3Jesus and the Father share the throne.

2 In the midst of the street of it, and on either side of the river [r.2], was there the treeˣ of life [r.3], with its twelve manner of fruits, and yielded its fruit every month: and the leaves of the treeˣ were for the healing of the nations. Ezekiel 47:12
[r.2]
[r.4]

Ezekiel 47:12The trees described in Ezekiel 47 are not identical in setting or scope to the tree of life in Revelation 22:2. However, we clearly see a prophetic escalation from Ezekiel's temple vision to John's final vision. In Ezekiel 47, life flows from a temple structure within a restored land, and trees bear continual fruit with leaves for healing. In Revelation 22, that imagery reaches its fullest expression: the river flows not from a temple building, but from the throne of God and of the Lamb, and the tree of life stands in the midst of the city where the curse is no more. What Ezekiel presents in shadowed, restoration language, Revelation unveils in consummated clarity.

3 And there shall be no more curse Genesis 3:14-19: but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it [r.6]; and his servants shall serve him:
[r.5]

Genesis 3:14-19In Genesis 3:14-19, the curse enters through Adam's fall — the serpent is cursed, the ground is cursed, and death begins its reign. In Revelation 22:3, that same curse is explicitly removed, showing that the final state reverses what began in Eden, restoring and surpassing the original creation.

[r.6]

Important Note: Throughout Revelation, faces are associated with fear and concealment. In Revelation 6:16, men call on the mountains to hide them "from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb." Likewise, in Revelation 12:14, the woman is given wings to flee into the wilderness, hidden from the face of the serpent. Earlier in the book, faces drive men into hiding; but in Revelation 22:4 the pattern is gloriously reversed: "And they shall see his face." What once was a face of flight or concealment is now the eternal privilege of the redeemed — no more hiding, only unhindered sight of God.

4 And they shall see his face; and his name shall be upon their foreheads [r.7] [r.8].
[r.7]

Re 7:4, Re 9:4, Re 14:1, Re 22:4

5 And there shall be night no more; and they need no lamp, neither light of the sun; for the Lord God gives them light: and they shall reign unto the ages of the ages.

Important Note: After John sees the new Jerusalem, he starts to worship the angel. John seems to have a pattern of this after seeing the bride and wife of the Lamb. This pattern seems to serve as bookends to the Bride's vision and understanding. What is also interesting is that, under this study's understanding of Revelation, the first time John falls to worship would mark the start of the tribulation, and the second time would mark the very end of all old things and the beginning of the new. Thus, it could be seen to encapsulate the entire book's story. From the bride's first arrival to her final appearance as New Jerusalem.

6 And he said unto me, These words are faithful and true: and the Lord, the God of the spirits of the prophets, sent his messenger [r.9] to show unto his servants the things which must shortly be done [r.10].
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "the Lord God of the holy prophets"; the critical text reads ὁ κύριος ὁ θεὸς τῶν πνευμάτων τῶν προφητῶν — "the Lord, the God of the spirits of the prophets" — the God who governs and inspires the prophetic spirits. Compare 1 Corinthians 14:32, "the spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets," and Revelation 19:10, "the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy."

[r.9]

Re 1:1, Re 22:6, Re 22:9

[r.10]
[art]
7 Behold, I come quickly [r.11]: blessed [r.12] is he who keeps the words of the prophecy of this book [r.13].
[r.11]
[r.13]

Re 1:3, Re 22:7, Re 22:19

8 And I, John, heard these things, and saw them. And when I had heard and seen, I fell down to worship in front of the feet of the messenger [r.14] who showed me these things.
[r.14]

Re 19:10, Re 22:8-9ἔμπροσθεν is used in both verses and is very rare in Revelation, occurring only 3 times to mean "in front". The limited use of the word helps emphasize the sameness of the attempt to worship the messenger.

[art]
9 Then he said unto me, See you do it not! for I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren [r.15] the prophets, and of those who keep the words of this book [r.16]: worship God.
[ms]

The KJV/TR includes γάρ — "for I am thy fellowservant"; the critical text reads σύνδουλός σού εἰμι — "I am thy fellowservant" — without it.

[r.15]
[r.16]

Re 1:1, Re 22:9

Linear Scene 1.7: The words of this prophecy are open. The time is near. Closing remarks.

10 And he said unto me, Seal not the words of the prophecy of this book: for the time is at hand [r.17] [r.18].
[fn]

In Daniel 12 the words are sealed, here they are not.

[r.17]

Re 1:3, Re 22:10Another bookend.

[r.18]
[art]
11 He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still: and he that is righteous, let him do righteousness still: and he that is holy, let him be holy still.
[lex]

The verb in Revelation 22:11 is ἀδικέω, the same lemma used in Revelation 2:11, where the overcomer “will not be hurt by the second death.” The word can carry the sense of doing wrong, acting unjustly, wronging, harming, or injuring, depending on context. In Revelation 2:11, the passive verb is tied to “the second death,” so “hurt” is a natural English rendering. In Revelation 22:11, however, the verb describes ongoing moral conduct: “the one doing wrong, let him do wrong still.” This is why many English translations render it as “do wrong” or “be unjust” rather than “harm.” The same lemma is present, but the sense is governed by the immediate contrast between the wrongdoer, the filthy, the righteous, and the holy.

12 And, behold, I come quickly [r.19]; and my reward [r.20] is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be [r.21].
[ms]

The KJV/TR opens with καί — "And, behold"; the critical text reads Ἰδοὺ ἔρχομαι ταχύ — "Behold, I come quickly" — without the conjunction.

[r.19]
[r.20]

Re 11:18, Re 22:12μισθός — Reward — these are the only two places this word is used.

[r.21]

Re 9:20, Re 14:13, Re 18:6, Re 20:12-13, Re 22:12The "works" mentioned in 9:20, 14:13, 18:6, 20:12-13, 22:12 seem related to those of the seven churches in 2:2, 2:9, 2:13, 2:19, 3:1, 3:8, 3:15.

13 I am Alpha and Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end [r.22].
[r.22]

Re 1:8, Re 1:11, Re 1:17, Re 2:8, Re 21:6, Re 22:13If you look closely at 22:13, you will see a joining of the "I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end" and "the first and the last"; we normally see this "the first and the last" coming from Jesus.

14 Blessed [r.23] are they who wash their robes [r.24], that they may have right to the treeˣ of life [r.25], and may enter in through the gates into the city.
[lex]

"may have 'right'" for "right" here is the Greek word ουσια, which is in English commonly translated as "power" or "authority". However, in English it would seem odd to say "may have 'authority' to the tree of life", so we use "right" instead.

[r.24]

Re 7:14, Re 22:14

[r.25]

Re 2:7, Re 22:1, Re 22:14

15 For without are the dogs, and the sorcerers, and the whoremongers, and the murderers, and the idolaters, and whosoever loves and makes a lie [r.26] [r.27].
[r.26]

Re 9:21, Re 21:8, Re 22:15Places that list these shared qualities: dogs, liars, idolaters, sorcerers, murderers, whoremongers, abominable, unbelieving, thieves, and cowardly.

[r.27]

Re 2:2, Re 14:5, Re 21:8, Re 21:27, Re 22:15The Greek in 14:5, 21:27, 22:15 for "lie" or "guile" is ψεῦδος, which denotes the lie itself—the false statement or deception. It is related to ψευδής which describes that which is characterized by falsehood [2:2, 21:8].

16 I, Jesus, have sent my messenger [r.28] to testify unto you these things in the churches. I am the root and the offspring of David [r.29], and the bright and morning star [r.30].
[r.28]

Re 1:1, Re 22:16Bookend.

[r.29]

Re 3:7, Re 5:5, Re 22:16

[r.30]

Re 2:28, Re 22:16

[art]
17 And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him who hears say, Come. And let him who is athirst [r.31] come. And Let him who desires take the water of life [r.32] freely.
[ms]

The KJV/TR joins with καί — "And whosoever will"; the critical text reads ὁ θέλων λαβέτω — "let him who wills take" — without it.

[r.31]

Re 7:16, Re 21:6, Re 22:17

[r.32]

Important Note: While easy to miss, when Revelation 22:18–19 warns, "If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book," the wording itself raises a serious interpretive question. Why speak of plagues being "added" to someone unless those plagues are not automatically their default portion? This is an issue for anyone who interprets the "coming out of great tribulation" (7:14) occurring after any of the plagues (the first mention of a plague is the 200,000,000 army). The warning assumes a reader who is not, by nature of reading the prophecy faithfully, already destined to receive the judgments described within it. The plagues are presented as judicially imposed upon the one who corrupts the book, not indiscriminately poured upon every hearer. That implication presses us to ask: by what means are the faithful kept from "the plagues that are written in this book"?

Revelation presents two categories of divine protection that must be considered. First, there is the sealing of the servants of God (Revelation 7:3; 9:4), where those marked by the Father are explicitly distinguished from those upon whom the first woe falls. Second, there is the possibility of prior removal from the hour of trial (Revelation 3:10), which likely refers to the deliverance at the tribulation's opening through a "coming out of great tribulation" event — an exit at the eve of the seven years, before the hour of plagues. Whether one sees protection as preservation within the judgments, removal before them, or a combination, depending on God's sovereign purposes, the text clearly implies a distinction: the faithful are not assumed to be recipients of plagues (not just wrath). Participation in the plagues is tied here to rebellion against the prophetic word; it is not a default mode. The default posture of the obedient reader appears to be protection — either by divine sealing, by gathering, or by both — in accordance with God's redemptive design.

This text, then, supports the framework for this study that has been exposited: there are distinct moments of coming out in Revelation — an early "coming out" at the tribulation's opening and a pre-vial reaping during it. Revelation consistently shows divine distinction — mercy extended, protection granted, and judgment poured out in stages. Within that pattern, these two gatherings cohere with the book's internal logic of separation and preservation before escalating wrath. Revelation is not merely a book of judgment, but of warning, profound mercy, and perfect justice.

18 For I testify unto every man who hears the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book:
[fn]

When he speaks about "plagues" or "great suffering," he is not, by definition, scoping them to anything in particular. He is expecting us to know what plagues or distresses have been described. At times, Revelation is general in its application of terms, such as "holy city" of old and new Jerusalem (11:2, 21:2), and at other times very specific, as in "1260 days," which is always the first half of the 7 years (11:3, 12:6).

[lex]

πληγῶν — plague, great suffering, or distress — The first time we see this word, it is with the army of 200,000,000 in 9:18. Thus, the text of Revelation does not explicitly assert that the first five trumpets or the seals are a part of the plagues (πληγῶν). Naming the seals and all the trumpets as plagues would be an interpretive decision based on pattern-driven inference, which the text does not resist, as we see inference in many places. As an example, during the 5th trumpet, "only those men who have not the seal of God in their foreheads" (9:4) are hurt by the locust, inferring the presence of the 144,000 at the time of the 5th trumpet without explicitly testifying to their presence at that time.

We also see this same type of inference in the 6th seal, when the nations say "the great day of their wrath is come" (6:16-17), yet the text never says that any seals or trumpets are the wrath of God; it is only that the nations are first to attribute that classification to the events they experience at the moment of the 6th seal. Further, in the 6th seal, the nations only say that this is "the great day" of wrath, not that the 6th seal is the only wrath to that point in time. Revelation only describes "God's wrath" explicitly in the vial plagues, in that those vials "finish" or "complete" the wrath of God, but it does not say it starts them. Thus, for the phrase "wrath of God," the text seems to ask us to infer that the wrath of God has another starting point, which need not correlate with the first vial or the time the nations notice "wrath". It would be fair to see all seals, trumpets, and vials as the wrath of God based on that inference. In the same way, as a form of interpretive inference, we could attribute "plague" to all the seals, trumpets, and vials, which indeed bring distress upon the whole world (stated explicitly or not).

[ms]

The KJV/TR reads Συμμαρτυροῦμαι γάρ — "For I testify"; the critical text reads Μαρτυρῶ ἐγὼ — "I testify" — without the conjunction.

19 And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy [r.33], God shall take away his part out of the treeˣ of life [r.34], and out of the holy city [r.35], and from the things which are written in this book.
[tr]

Other manuscripts, including the MT and CT, read this as the "tree of life" and not the "book of life". KJV's "book of life" in Revelation 22:19 is essentially unique to the TR and Latin Vulgate tradition. Almost no Greek manuscripts read "book of life" here. The TR inherited a Latin-based reconstruction, not a Greek majority reading.

[ms]

The KJV/TR adds καί, making "the things written in this book" a third item taken away; the critical text reads τῶν γεγραμμένων without the conjunction — an apposition describing the tree and the city: the things written in this book.

[r.33]

Re 1:3, Re 22:7, Re 22:19Bookending.

[r.35]

Re 11:2, Re 21:2, Re 21:10, Re 22:19Both old and new Jerusalem are "holy" cities — πόλεως τῆς ἁγίας (the holy city).

20 He who testifies these things says, Surely I come quickly [r.36]. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "Amen. Even so (ναί), come"; the critical text reads Ἀμήν, ἔρχου κύριε Ἰησοῦ — "Amen, come, Lord Jesus."

[r.36]
21 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
[ms]

The KJV/TR reads "our Lord Jesus Christ … with you all. Amen."; the critical text reads Ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ μετὰ πάντων — "The grace of the Lord Jesus be with all."